Incluye referencias bibliográficas e índice CONTENIDO: Introduction -- Setting the scene. Entrepreneurship, SME development and the transformation process -- Entrepreneurship in transition economies: a conceptual review -- Entrepreneurship and small business development in former Soviet republics. Employment in new and small firms: the example of the Russian Federation -- Coping with adversity: the case of belarus -- Innovation and entrepreneurship under transition conditions: the example of Ukraine -- Entrepreneurship and small business development in Central and Eastern Europe. Poland: entrepreneurship development and EU accession -- From the former Soviet Union to membership of the European Union: the case of Estonia -- The way forward. Conclusions.