Se encuentra en la colección Afrodiaspóricos. Incluye referencias bibliográficas (páginas 339-356) e índice. CONTENIDO: Introduction -- Workers. Slavery and emancipation, 1800-1890 -- Immigration, 1890-1930 -- Working, 1920-1960 -- The middle class. Living in a racial democracy, 1900-1940 -- Blacks ascending, 1940-1988 -- Organizing, 1945-1988 -- Past, present, future. One hundred years of freedom: may 13, 1988 -- Looking back, looking forward -- Appendix A. Population of Sao Paulo State, 1800-1980 -- Appendix B. Brazilian racial terminology -- Appendix C. Personnel records at the Jafet and Sao Paulo tramway, light, and power companies.